Introduction:
The main purpose of this work is to study atherosclerotic diseases and lung cancer in Cyprus during the period 2007–2017 with the aim of finding not only the atherosclerotic diseases with the highest risk but also a possible association between these diseases and lung cancer.

Material and methods:
The statistical methods used to extract the results of this work are Student’s t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), in order to check the statistical significance of atherosclerotic diseases with regard to the characteristics of the patients. Additionally, a multiple logistic regression analysis was used with the aim of finding the disease with the highest risk. Pearson’s r was used to find a possible association between atherosclerotic diseases and lung cancer.

Results:
As specified by multiple logistic regression analysis, the atherosclerotic diseases with the highest risk of death are intracranial haemorrhage (OR = 17.3), heart failure (OR = 3.29), and stroke (OR = 3.02), with females having higher risk compared to men. Moreover, a statistically significant relation was found between heart failure and cerebral infarction with lung cancer.

Conclusions:
The results of this work highlight the statistically significant characteristics of patients with atherosclerotic diseases and identify the risk of death according to the type of the disease. A link between these diseases and cancer was also identified.